Gaseous-fluid compressor.



D. E. HAIRE.

GASEOUS FLUID- UOMPRESSOR.

APPLIGATION FILED DEO.11, 1908.

Patented 0ct.5, 1909.

l/V VE/VTOI? me was 5 m mmqv xcsm Compressors,

, speed apparatus, resulting DAVID E. HAIRE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GASEOUS-FLUID comrnsssoa.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 5, 1909.

Application filed December .11, 1908. Serial No. 466,992.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that 1, DAVID E.HAIRE,RC1t1- acn of the United States of America, residmg in the city of Philadelphia and State of ennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gaseous-Fluid of which true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof. v

My improvement relates to the class-of compressors known as the rotary type, and has for its objectthe production of a high in large capacity for small size and weight.

I am aware that attempts have been made to produce high speed compressors, the results, however, have not been satisfactory, chiefly owing to the inability of the suction valves to respond quickly enough to the reciprocations of the piston; and another object of my invention is to overcome this trouble.

Referring now to the drawings in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts:-Figure 1, is a transverse section on attached to,

line AA Fig. 2, of one form 01 embodiment of compressor illustratin my invention. Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section, on line BB, Fig. 1.

In detail 1 is a preferably circular casing forming the exterior shell of the illustrated form of compressor, closed by a removable wall or cover 2, made tight at the flange 3. Integral with the casing, is the packed hearing 4, a similar bearing 5 forming part of the cover. Supported by these hearings are the shafts 6 and 7, integral with, or rigidly a cylinder hub 8, which can thus be revolved within the casing, by applying rotating forces of any kind to the shaft 6. The center line of the shafts 6 and 7, is placed a distance C, Fig. 2, from the center of the casing, for a purpose that will be described later on. Within the hub 8, are one or more, for examplefonr cylindrically bored recesses 9, all communicating with an interior space or chamber 10 occupying the center of thehub. Free to reciprocate within each cylindrical recess 9 1s a piston 11, carrying the suctlon valve 12 and the two rollers 13, as plainly shown. At the inner end of each'recess 9 is screwed a discharge valve-seat. 14;, carrying the valve 15. the

l i l 1 car periphery ,of the casing and preferably the following is a concentric with it are two interior grooves 16, one on each casing wall and forming the finished roller paths or cams 17, for the rollers 13, 18. Upon rotating the hub 8 with the. pistons and rollers in position, a reciproeating motion will be given each piston. \Vith the precise details shown the length of this movement will be double the distance each piston being'at the inner end of its stroke when at the top center line, this positi'on being on Fig. 2 marked W, and at the outer end of its stroke when at the bottom center line, position marked Y.

For operating suction valve 12 the following details are preferable. A valve stem 24 has a slipper piece 19 on its outer end to be engaged by a proper cam ing the valve, to close it.

For substantially one-half of the inner circumference of the casing 1 and preferably concentric therewith is a true bearing path or path for open- A 18, which acts upon the slipper-piece 19, the

other half of the casing circumference hav mg no action but so formed as to permit spring 20 to close the valve. Thus the motions of the piston and suction valve are controlled by separate means. As the paths 17 and 18 are struck to the same center, it of course follows that any difference in radius will be constant at all points of the path, and hence the suction valve 12 may be held open any fixed amount desired during rotation. As the path 18 extends only one-half a circumference, the suction valve remains open and closed for one-half ELJ'QVOllllL-lfill respectively, its motions being produced by the mutual reactions of the path 18 and spring 20. The entry and exit to the path 18, are made gradual, as shown at.2l, to avoid shock.

The gas enters the compressor at the inlet 22 and leaves at orifice 23. A spring-pressed discharge valve 15 permits the air or gas compressed by piston 11 to escape intothc central space 10, and thence through passage or duct 26 in shaft 7 to an annular opening communicating. with orifice 23,

In operation, starting on the top center, position W, with the piston at its innermost position, and rotating in direction of arrow, the piston and suction valve begin to move out, owing to the eccentricity C. of the centors of rotation and of the roller paths. The

radii of the paths are so arranged by coninterior of the casing.

single acting; and

' without complicating the slipper-piece 19 leaving the path 18 at the tion of the spring 20. Thus-during half a revolution, the piston has been moving out, with the suction valve open, resulting in the cylinder 9 being filled. with gas from the From position Y back to W, the piston moves inwardly, the suction valve remaining closed. The gas is compressed forcing open thediseharge valve 15, and enters the chamber 10, from which it flows to the discharge orifice 23, by way of the ducts 26 in the shaft 7, as clearly shown. Leakage along the shaft 7 and into the casing is stopped by the packing 27. To recapitulate, there is an outward or suction stroke during half a revolution, and an in ward or compression stroke during the remaining half revolution, the cylinder being as the motions of the piston and suction valve are produced solely by contact with the stationary roller paths 1? and 18, it is quite. obviousthat the number of working cylinders .may be multiplied apparatus, each cylinder standing as a distinct, separate and independent unit. The drawings show four cylinders, chiefly to illustrate the relative positions 'ofthe parts at the four principal slope 21, the suction valve 12 closes by reac points in the cycle otoperatiou.

of efficiency.

operation of this machine.-

It is obvious that at high speeds centrifu gal force will play an important part in the The tendency will befor the loose parts (the 'iistou' and suction valve) to press iitwa1'dly against the roller aths, with great force, thus eliminating all ost motion, and producingsmooth running. I

The suction valve. is positively opened at the proper point, and closed both by the thus avoiding forms of quick running compressors. The clearance between the piston 11 and bottom of recess 9-is minimized, to the betterment iVarlous minor details may be added to.

this machinesto improve ;its practical elliclency, such' as ball bearmgs,,at bearings 4 and 5, and on the a'vles ot' the rollers 13.

The roller paths 17 and 18 may be constructed otrcmovable strips of hardened steel to reduce wear and facilitate renewal. Water jackets may be applied to the casing and bearings. 'llandhole plates may be located in the casin 1, for convenient access rollers, for ad ustment,

to the pistons and cleaning and repa.i rs,'etc.; but 1t is considered unnecessary to complicate the drawings and description with such' matters, which only tend to cloud the clear presentation of the essentials.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

pressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revoluble in unison about a common axis, a. piston reciprocable within each cylin- .der, a mechanism engaging all of said pistons for controlling the reciprocation thereof, a suction valve in each piston adapted to be positively opened inward and in a substantially'radial direction whereby centrifugal forcetends'to close the same, and a device having connection with said suction valve adapted for positively opening the latter.

2. In a high-speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revoluble in unison about a common of, a suction valve in each piston adapted. to be positively opened inward and in a substantially radial direction whereby centrifugal force tends to close the same, a springfor closing thesamc when running at slow speed, and a device having connection with said suction valve adapted for positively opening the'latter.

3. In a high-speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revolublev in unison about coir-men axis, a' piston reciprocable within. each cylinder, a mechanism engaging allof said pistons for controlling the reciprocation thereo f, a suction valve in each piston adapte be positively opened inward and in stani ially radial direction whereby cent gal force tends to close the same, stat ary valve-camior positively opening said valve and a device, as a roller, carried bv said valve or valve stem, for engaging 1 valve-cam.

pressor, the combination of one or more eylinders revolzible in unison about afcommon axis, a piston. reciprocable within each eylin- (let, a mechanism engaging all of said pistons for controlling the reciprocation thereof,a suction valve in each piston adapted to be positively opened' 'inward and in a substantially radial direction whereby centrifus gal force tends to close the same, a spring for closing the same when running at slow speed, a stationary valve-cam for positively opening said valve carried by said valve or valve stem, for engaging said valve cam. r

5. In a high-speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revoluble in unison about 1. In a' high-speed gaseous-fluid com 4. In a high-speed gaseous-fiuid comand a device, as a roller,

a common axis, a' piston reciprocable within each oyiin de'r, a mechanism engaging all of said PIS"- tons for controlling the reciprocation there- :1

closing the revolving said stationary cam.

assess axis, a piston reciprocable within each cylinder, a mechanism engaging allot said pistons forcontrolling the reciprocation thereof, a suction valve in each piston adapted to be positively opened inward and in a substantially radial direction whereby centrifugal force tends to close the same, a device having connection with said suction valve adapted for positively opening the latter; a :entral discharge chamber having an axial discharge therefrom, a spring .valve for discharging each cylinder into said chamber, and a stationary suction chamber formed by an exterior easing inclosing the revolving parts.

6. In a high-speed gtlSCOlilSfl1lld compressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revoluble in unison about a common axis, a piston reciprocable within each cylinder, aineehanism engaging all of said pistons for controlling the reciprocation thereot, a suction valve in each piston adapted t be positively opened inward and in a substantially radial direction whereby centrifugal force tends to close the same, a spring for closing the same when running at slow speed, a stationary valve-cam for positively opening said valve, :1. device, as a roller, carried by said valve or valve stem, for engaging said valve-earn; a central discharge chamber having an axial discharge therefrom, a spring valve for discharging each cylinder into said chamber, and a stationary suction chamber formed by an exterior casing inparts, and supporting 7. In a high-speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of a series of radially arranged cylinders revoluble in unison about a common axis, a single acting pi on reeiprocable Within each cylinder, a stationar substantially circular piston-operatng cam having opposed surfaces, a. device for each piston, such as a roller carried by the piston, engageable with both surfaces of said cam for ell'ecting or controlling the reciprocation of the piston, a suction valve in each piston for permitting inward How of fluid and having i'neans for controlling the same, a central i'lischarge chamber, and a spring-cortrolled discharge valve for discharging each cylinder chamber;

8,111 a higl1speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of a series of radially arranged cylinders revoluble in unison about a common axis, a piston reciprocable Within each cylinder, a stationary, substantially circular piston-operating cam hiwing opposed surfaces, a device -for each piston, such as a roller carried by the piston, en-

'gageable with both surfaces of said cam for effecting or controlling the reciprocation of the piston, a suction valve ha an means for controlling the same, a contra discharge into the cent ral chamber, a springcontrollcd discharge valve the two stationary cam surfaces mentioned.

9. In a high-speed gaseous-fluid coinpressor, the con'ibination of one or non: cylinders revoluble in unison about a connnon axis, a central chan'iber into which they all discharge, a piston reciprocable within each cylinder, a mechanism engaguig all of said pistons for controlling the eeiprocation thereof, the same comprising a stationary and substantially circular cam path eccentric to the cylinde'fis revolution, having two opposed surfaces for actuating the pistons, and mcchani val connections extending from each piston to said cam path whereby the latter controls the reciprocation of the former; a suction valve in each piston adapted to be positively opened inward and in a sub stantially radial direction whereby centrifugal forcetends to close the same, and a device having connection with said suction valve adapted for positively opening the latter.

10. in a high-speed gaseous-fluid compressor, the combination of one or more cylinders revoluble in unison about a common axis, a central chamber into which they all discharge, a piston reciprocable within each cylinder, a mechanism engaging all of said pistons for controlling the reciprocation thereof, the same comprising a stationary and substantially circular cam path eccentric to the cylinders revolution, having two opposed surfaces for actuating the pistons, and mechanical connections extending from each piston to said cam path whereby the latter controls the reciprocation of the former; a suction valve in each piston adapted to be positively opened inward and in a substan-' tially radial direction whereby centrifugal force tends to close the same, a spring for closing the same when running at slmv speed, a stationary valve cam for positively opening said valve and a device, as a roller, carried by said valve or valve stem for en gaging said valve cam. 4

11. in a high-speed gaseous-fiuid compressor, the combination of a series of radially arranged cylinders revolublein unison about a common axis, a piston reciprocable within each cylinder, a stationary, substantially circular piston-operating cam having opposed surfaces, a device for each piston, suchas a roller carried by the piston, engageable with both surfaces of said cam for effecting or controllin the reciprocation oi the piston, a suctioi-r'puppet valve in each piston, adapted to be positively opened inward and in a substantially radial directionwhereby centrifugal force tends to closethe same, a

stationary valve'cam for positivelycpening said valve, a device as a rollerparried by each 'suction valve or its stem for engaging said valve cam, a suction valve closing clevice, as a spring, by centrifugal force in an amount varying with the speed of revolution, a central discharge chamber, a spring-controlled puppet discharge valve for discharging each cylinder. into the central chamber, an axial discharge from said central chamber, and a stationary suction chamber formed by. an exg Whose action is augmented terior casing inclosing the revolving parts, and supporting the two stationary cams mentioned. 15 In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this Specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on. the 10th day of December, 15/08.

' DAVID E. HAIRE.

Witnesses:

ADOLPH SCHMIDT, BARTON H. COFFEY. 

